Dari Ekslusivisme Teks menuju Inklusivisme Konteks: Reinterpretasi Hadis tentang Perpecahan Umat
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The hadith regarding the division of the Muslim community into 73 sects is one of the most popular yet controversial hadiths in Islamic theological discourse. This study aims to identify the quality of the hadith’s isnad and matn and to examine its reinterpretation from a modernist perspective and its relevance to religious moderation. This study employs a qualitative approach in the form of a literature review of scholarly works discussing interpretations of the hadith regarding the division of the ummah. The results indicate that the isnad of this hadith is generally classified as ḥasan li dhātihī and is elevated to ṣaḥīḥ li ghayrihī due to support from multiple chains of transmission, although some scholars have criticized certain narrators. Meanwhile, regarding the matn, the core text of the hadith is considered sound, but the addition concerning the salvation of a particular group is viewed as problematic by a number of scholars. Modernist studies, on the other hand, interpret the hadith descriptively, rather than as a legitimization of a claim to exclusive truth. These findings affirm that a critical and contextual reading of hadith can strengthen the epistemology of moderate Islamic religiosity in a pluralistic society.
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