Epistemologi Integratif dalam Pemahaman Hadis Umirtu An Uqatila An-Nās dan Relevansinya terhadap Islam Moderat

Abstract

A textual interpretation of the Hadith regarding “Umirtu an Uqātila an-Nās” can give rise to epistemological problems that lead to the legitimization of violence against non-Muslims. This study aims to reconstruct the epistemology underlying the interpretation of this hadith by comparing the approaches of classical scholars and modern scholars, and to relate this to the promotion of moderate Islam. This qualitative study, conducted as a literature review, employs content analysis and comparative analysis. Primary data consists of the Hadith found in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī and Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, while secondary data is drawn from relevant scholarly literature. The results indicate that the problem in understanding the Hadith “Umirtu an Uqātila an-Nās” does not lie in the authenticity of the isnad but rather in epistemological differences in interpreting the matn. Classical scholars emphasize linguistic analysis and hadith commentary. In contrast, modern scholars prioritize the asbāb al-wurūd, historical context, and maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah. This study’s contribution underscores that integrating both classical and modern approaches can yield a contextual understanding of the Hadith “Umirtu an Uqātila an-Nās” and strengthen moderate Islamic religiosity.