Rasionalitas Hakim dalam Pemidanaan Penyalahgunaan Narkotika: Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah (Studi Putusan Nomor 433/PID.SUS/2024/PT BNA)
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Drug abuse cases in Indonesia pose a dilemma between the criminal and rehabilitation approaches. This study describes the judge's legal considerations in the Banda Aceh High Court Decision Number 433/Pid.Sus/2024/PT BNA and reviews them based on the concept of Hifẓ al-'Aql in Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah. The study uses a normative legal method with a statutory approach and case studies. The results show that the appellate court still found the defendant guilty based on Article 127 paragraph (1) letter a of Law Number 35 of 2009, increased the prison sentence, and canceled rehabilitation because the defendant was deemed to have helped obtain narcotics and was not supported by the recommendations of the Integrated Assessment Team. From the perspective of Hifẓ al-'Aql, the decision reflects an effort to protect society from the impact of narcotics, but has not fully accommodated the goal of rehabilitating the perpetrator. This study contributes to a better understanding of the fact that the imposition of criminal penalties on drug abusers cannot be based solely on a legal-positivist approach, but must also take into account the teleological dimensions of religious law.
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