Integrative Fitrah-Cultural Curriculum: A Synthesis of Hasan Langgulung and Ki Hadjar Dewantara's Thoughts on Holistic Islamic Education
Main Article Content
Abstract
Islamic education curricula in Indonesia continue to face a gap between the integration of Islamic values, pedagogical freedom, local cultural contexts, and meaningful learning experiences. This study aims to compare the educational thought of Hasan Langgulung and Ki Hadjar Dewantara and reconstruct their points of convergence for the development of a holistic Islamic education curriculum. This qualitative study employs a library research design using historical-philosophical, comparative, and content analysis approaches. The findings indicate that Langgulung emphasizes tawhid, fitrah, human potential development, and the integration of knowledge and values, whereas Dewantara emphasizes guided freedom, the Among system, character formation, culture, and the tri-center of education. Their ideas converge in their orientation toward holistic human development, moral formation, contextual learning, and social responsibility. This study contributes the Integrative Fitrah-Cultural Curriculum (IFCC) as a curricular framework integrating theological-ethical foundations, learner potential, pedagogical freedom, knowledge-values-culture, educational ecology, and holistic assessment.
Article Details
Issue
Section

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
Anamisari, F., Nuraini, L., Inayatillah, N., Afkar, M. A., Parahita, I. E., Nisrina, R., & Johar, A. (2026). Contextual and transformative Islamic learning models: A study of Fatah Syukur’s thoughts. AFHAMUNA: Journal of Islamic Thought, 1(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.66928/afhamuna.v1i1.24
Bisri, H., Dini, S. S. T., & Rahman, M. L. (2026). From cognitive to holistic: Implementation of moderate Islamic education at the elementary level. SALIMA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.66928/salima.v1i1.35
Dewantara, K. H. (1977). Karya Ki Hadjar Dewantara bagian pertama: Pendidikan. Majelis Luhur Persatuan Tamansiswa.
———. (1994). Karya Ki Hadjar Dewantara bagian kedua: Kebudayaan. Majelis Luhur Persatuan Tamansiswa.
Destiana, A., Nopriani, H., Siliani, O., Novita, W., & Annur, S. (2024). Analisis implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka yang relevan terhadap konsep pendidikan Ki Hajar Dewantara. Didaktik: Jurnal Ilmiah PGSD STKIP Subang, 10(2), 326–338. https://doi.org/10.36989/didaktik.v10i2.3072
Dwipratama, A. A. (2023). Study of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's educational thinking and its relevance to Kurikulum Merdeka. Inovasi Kurikulum, 20(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.17509/jik.v20i1.54416
Erifsany, N. S. W., Dakir, D., & Najah, T. S. (2026). Pengembangan standar mutu pendidikan pesantren dalam merespons tantangan era globalisasi. SALIMA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), 98–110. https://doi.org/10.66928/salima.v1i2.76
Febriyatko, A., Rahmawati, C. D., Fatimah, K., & Batalemba, I. (2023). Titik temu konsep pendidikan Ki Hadjar Dewantara dengan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar: Studi komparatif. BASA Journal of Language & Literature, 3(1). https://doi.org/10.33474/basa.v3i1.19681
Hamdi, S., Wahdah, N., Ahmadi, A., & Musthofa, K. (2022). The problem of implementation of Islamic education curriculum in the aspect of moderation learning and HOTS evaluation. EDURELIGIA: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.33650/edureligia.v6i1.3620
Hanin, Y. M., Khusna, L. K., Fatmawati, D., Oktaviasari, F., & Aulia, N. R. (2026). The challenges and opportunities of Islamic education in the globalization era: Insights from Azyumardi Azra’s thought. AFHAMUNA: Journal of Islamic Thought, 1(3), 292–304. https://doi.org/10.66928/afhamuna.v1i3.97
Ihwan, A. (2026). Bridging divine transcendence and human dignity: Transforming the values of tarekat education for character formation. SALIMA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(3), 176–185. https://doi.org/10.66928/salima.v1i3.149
Khafid, A., Rohman, A. D., & Maulana, E. (2023). Konsep pendidikan karakter dalam teori tripusat pendidikan Ki Hajar Dewantara dan implikasinya terhadap pendidikan moral di era 5.0. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa, 12(10), 2601–2609. https://doi.org/10.26418/jppk.v12i10.60961
Kuncoro, I. (2022). Tawaran model kurikulum Islamic integrated character. Thawalib: Jurnal Kependidikan Islam, 3(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.54150/thawalib.v3i1.29
Langgulung, H. (2003). Asas-asas pendidikan Islam. Pustaka Al-Husna Baru.
———. (2004). Manusia dan pendidikan: Suatu analisa psikologi, filsafat, dan pendidikan. Pustaka Al-Husna Baru.
Lutfiyah, S. K., Fahmi, M., & Salik, M. (2024). Pendidikan Islam terbuka perspektif Hasan Langgulung dan relevansinya dengan Kurikulum Merdeka di Indonesia. At-Tajdid: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemikiran Islam, 8(2), 637–649. https://doi.org/10.24127/att.v8i2.3722
Markus, M., Abu Bakar, M. Y., & Kholis, N. (2023). Integration of Tringo concept Ki Hadjar Dewantara in development of Islamic education learning evaluation. Al-Hayat: Journal of Islamic Education, 7(2), 544–558. https://doi.org/10.35723/ajie.v7i2.400
Muslikh, M. (2023). Relevansi konsep pendidikan Ki Hadjar Dewantara dengan pendidikan Islam dalam membangun bangsa mandiri dan berperadaban. Al-Mau'izhoh: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 5(2), 446–459. https://doi.org/10.31949/am.v5i2.7659
Nazah, M. F., Nurochman, & Jannah, S. (2026). From quantity to quality: Integrative management in the Quran memorization (Tahfidz) program at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. SALIMA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(3), 137–148. https://doi.org/10.66928/salima.v1i3.140
Nuraisyah, S., Arisanti, K., & Nuramin. (2026). Konsep tarbiyah pendidikan Islam dalam perspektif Hasan Langgulung. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v11i02.52089
Prabtama, O. R., & Dwi Kartika, G. (2024). Ki Hajar Dewantara's critique of the 2022 Sisdiknas Bill: Implications for Islamic education in Indonesia. Progresiva: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam, 13(3), 367–384. https://doi.org/10.22219/progresiva.v13i03.35589
Pratiwi, R. I., Firmansyah, M. I., & Subakti, G. E. (2024). Implementation of Merdeka Curriculum by Islamic religious education teachers at junior high school. ATTARBIYAH: Journal of Islamic Culture and Education, 9(1), 43–57. https://doi.org/10.18326/attarbiyah.v9i1.43-57
Purwanti, K. L., Rofiq, M., Fashihah, I., & Romaniyah. (2024). Analyzing the Merdeka Curriculum implementation at pilot Islamic elementary schools in Semarang, Indonesia. Journal of Integrated Elementary Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.21580/jieed.v4i1.21249
Putri, L. A., & Hamami, T. (2023). The Islamic Religious Education Curriculum towards globalization of education: A study on the dynamics and implications of curriculum changes. Muslim Education Review, 2(2), 249–274. https://doi.org/10.56529/mer.v2i2.199
Putri, W. C., Khaerunisa, I., Nafisah, M., & Khunaifi, A. (2026). Tinjauan historis terhadap eksistensi pesantren dan madrasah di Indonesia. SALIMA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(2), 74–85. https://doi.org/10.66928/salima.v1i2.63
Samsuddin, Nur Shamsul, M., Patahuddin, A., & Jabar Idharudin, A. (2024). Pemikiran pendidikan Hasan Langgulung tentang tujuan pendidikan dan relevansinya dengan tujuan pendidikan. CONS-IEDU, 4(1), 46–57. https://doi.org/10.51192/cons.v4i1.820
Selamet, Supiana, & Zaqiah, Q. Y. (2023). Kebijakan pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan Islam. TADBIRUNA, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.51192/tadbiruna.v2i2.395
Setianingsih, D., Najah, T. S., & Dakir, D. (2026). Standar kompetensi lulusan pendidikan Ma'had Aly dan problematika implementasinya. SALIMA: Journal of Islamic Education, 1(3), 127–136. https://doi.org/10.66928/salima.v1i3.90
Setyaningsih. (2023). Implementasi sistem among Ki Hadjar Dewantara dalam pendidikan karakter di sekolah dasar. Widya Aksara: Jurnal Agama Hindu, 28(2), 146–157. https://doi.org/10.54714/widyaaksara.v28i2.230
Sirait, A. A., Basri, H., & Ab Rahman, Z. (2024). The concept of Merdeka Curriculum implementation: Realizing humanistic Islamic education learning. Educative: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 2(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.37985/educative.v2i1.210
Siswantara, Y., Suryadi, A., Hidayat, M., Ganeswara, G. M., & Sirait, A. (2023). Educating children with heart and self-quality: Implications of Ki Hadjar Dewantara's thinking on primary school character education. Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas, 9(2), 272–284. https://doi.org/10.31949/jcp.v9i2.4566
Sutrisno, C., & Zuchdi, D. (2023). Analisis muatan pemikiran Ki Hadjar Dewantara dalam desain pendidikan karakter pada gerakan penguatan pendidikan karakter. Humanika: Kajian Ilmiah Mata Kuliah Umum, 23(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/hum.v23i2.60513
Utami, M., & Nursikin, M. (2024). Relevance of education curriculum with local culture: Perspective of Islamic education management according to Ki Hajar Dewantara and Paulo Freire. JIEMAN: Journal of Islamic Educational Management, 6(2), 151–166. https://doi.org/10.35719/jieman.v6i2.263
Uyun, Q., Sholikah, & Susilo, A. (2026). Tawhidic ontology and the reconstruction of Islamic education: A counter-hegemonic response to neoliberalism. AFHAMUNA: Journal of Islamic Thought, 1(4), 381–397. https://doi.org/10.66928/afhamuna.v1i4.142
Wahyudi, N. E., & Ali, M. (2022). Tujuan pendidikan Islam dalam pandangan Hasan Langgulung. SUHUF, 34(2), 167–179. https://doi.org/10.23917/suhuf.v34i2.20953
Winda, N. L. I. W., & Suastra, I. W. (2024). Integrasi aliran-aliran filsafat pendidikan dan warisan filosofi Ki Hadjar Dewantara dalam Kurikulum Merdeka. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Citra Bakti, 11(3), 675–688. https://doi.org/10.38048/jipcb.v11i3.2561
Wulansari, I., & Yanto, M. (2022). Merdeka Curriculum management based on character education in the millennial generation. Journal of Quality Assurance in Islamic Education, 2(2), 74–86. https://doi.org/10.47945/jqaie.v2i2.702
Yasmin, F. R. F. (2022). Landasan psikologis dalam pengembangan kurikulum pada mata pelajaran PAI dan budi pekerti sekolah dasar. Epistemic: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 1(2), 205–220. https://doi.org/10.70287/epistemic.v1i2.102